A Golden Eagle. It and a Bald Eagle are about the same size.

A Golden Eagle. It and a Bald Eagle are about the same size.

A Golden Eagle. It and a Bald Eagle are about the same size.

The night’s yellow eyes of the winged tiger, a Great Horned Owl.

The night’s yellow eyes of the winged tiger, a Great Horned Owl.

Rough-legged Hawks come in various shades, all lovely.

Rough-legged Hawks come in various shades, all lovely.

Not all lifesavers come in a roll. An ambulance from those thrilling days of yesteryear.

Not all lifesavers come in a roll. An ambulance from those thrilling days of yesteryear.

Not all lifesavers come in a roll. An ambulance from those thrilling days of yesteryear.

Not all lifesavers come in a roll. An ambulance from those thrilling days of yesteryear.

The Hubbell House in Mantorville, Minnesota. Since 1854, it has fed the likes of Ulysses S. Grant, Horace Greeley, Dwight D. Eisenhower, Roy Rogers, Mickey Mantle, Lady Bird Johnson, Harmon Killebrew, Ole Bull and me. Good grub.

The Hubbell House in Mantorville, Minnesota. Since 1854, it has fed the likes of Ulysses S. Grant, Horace Greeley, Dwight D. Eisenhower, Roy Rogers, Mickey Mantle, Lady Bird Johnson, Harmon Killebrew, Ole Bull and me. Good grub.

These nice ladies are making chocolate-covered potato chips in the Chocolate Shoppe in Mantorville, Minnesota. I’ve never tried these treats, but my mother-in-law loved them. I loved her, so I purchased chocolate-covered potato chips.

These nice ladies are making chocolate-covered potato chips in the Chocolate Shoppe in Mantorville, Minnesota. I’ve never tried these treats, but my mother-in-law loved them. I loved her, so I purchased chocolate-covered potato chips.

Are they sharks or slippers? They are Little Grumpy Sharks Slippers that make my wife’s feet swim in friendly waters.

Are they sharks or slippers? They are Little Grumpy Sharks Slippers that make my wife’s feet swim in friendly waters.

Are they sharks or slippers? They are Little Grumpy Sharks Slippers that make my wife’s feet swim in friendly waters.

Are they sharks or slippers? They are Little Grumpy Sharks Slippers that make my wife’s feet swim in friendly waters.

Helicoverpa. Likely a Corn Earworm Moth.

Helicoverpa. Likely a Corn Earworm Moth.

Helicoverpa. Likely a Corn Earworm Moth.

Helicoverpa. Likely a Corn Earworm Moth.

Bald blue jays

Bald blue jays

Naturally
 I heard a pileated woodpecker call in the yard. It’s louder, lower-pitched and less regular than that of the northern flicker.
 Common nighthawks flew over the yard. They were migrating to Brazil, but circled overhead and fed as I watched. They opened their mouths wide and ate whatever happened into their flight path.
 I watched a hawk perched on a utility pole, peering at a tractor moving ground around in a farm field. Red-tailed hawks are common and they get to know the machinery that stirs up dinner for them. The field activities of tractors and combines chase rabbits, mice and voles from hiding. Gulls also enjoy the company of farm equipment providing comestibles in the form of grubs, worms and rodents.
 Perfectly respectable songbirds have become ragged looking because of molts. Feathers needing replacement are subbed for. I see bald blue jays in my yard. The jays are fine, nothing more than the victims of an irregular molt. A friend who had been a bird rehabber told me she had never found mites on the bald heads of any jays, so it’s merely a simultaneous molt. It’s the nature of nature.
Q&A
 “I see tall trees with silver leaves in southern Minnesota. What might they be?” The silver undersides of silver maple leaves make an impressive showing when the wind blows.
 Jerry Viktora of Ellendale asked when hummingbirds leave. Ruby-throated hummingbirds begin to migrate south in mid-August, and most have left the state by the end of September—although stragglers are found into October. Keeping your hummingbird feeders up won’t cause the tiny birds to stay.
 “I saw a snake near the river that acted like a rattlesnake, but it wasn’t. What kind of snake do you think it might have been?” Western fox snakes are among Minnesota’s longest snakes, reaching over 5 feet in length. The fox snake doesn't look like a fox. It got its name because when it’s handled it gives off a musky odor similar to that of a red fox. It’s yellow to dark brown with big, dark blotches and a belly that is yellow with black marks. Adults have an unmarked bronze-colored head. It’s found mainly along the Minnesota, St. Croix and Mississippi rivers. Despite lacking rattles, the fox snake can make a rattling sound by shaking its tail and may hiss when threatened.
 “Do we duck because of the habits of ducks?” Yes. Our modern English word duck comes from the Old English “ducan,” which had nothing to do with a bird. Ducan was a verb meaning “to plunge underwater suddenly, to dive or dip.” The name duck for the waterfowl came from its habit of feeding by ducking, plunging its head into the water. To prepare for an atomic bomb, many American schoolchildren were taught to duck and cover.
 “What’s the difference between a bill and a beak?” Not a thing—the two words are synonymous. Ornithologists use “bill” more than “beak.” Some people use “beak” when referring to songbirds with pointed bills, and “bill” for birds like ducks, but they mean the same thing.
 “I think there are more grasshoppers this year. Am I crazy?” I’m not qualified to judge your mental state, but fungi are one of the major threats to grasshopper eggs. Hot, dry weather limits the growth of fungi and results in a larger proportion of eggs hatching. Grasshoppers thrive in hot weather. Insects are cold-blooded creatures and hot weather means their metabolism runs faster, so they eat more and grow faster. Grasshoppers are often more numerous in hot, dry conditions.
 “What percent of bats have rabies?” According to the Minnesota Department of Health’s Zoonotic Diseases unit, 3 to 4% of bats tested for rabies in Minnesota test positive. Those bats aren’t a random sample, being the ones that have come into contact with humans. Only 1% of the total bat population is likely rabid. Over 51,000 people died in Minnesota in 2020, none from rabies.
 “What animal has the best hearing?” The barn owl has better hearing than any animal that has been tested.
 “What does the ruffed grouse hit its wings against to drum?” The sound resembling someone trying to start a 2-cylinder engine in the woods is produced by a male grouse in a drumming display. He creates it by beating his wings against the air to create a vacuum, as lightning does when it makes thunder.
HHH
 It’s no Hubert Horatio Humphrey, but the Henderson Hummingbird Hurrah was a bodacious blast. Bender Park, the garden, the hummingbirds and the people were all gold medalists.
Thanks for stopping by
 “Give every day the chance to become the most beautiful day of your life.”—Mark Twain
 “Let me never fall into the vulgar mistake of dreaming that I am persecuted whenever I am contradicted.”—Ralph Waldo Emerson
 Do good.

©Al Batt 2021

 

A bald blue jay.

A bald blue jay.

I found just the thing for that hard-to-buy-for lover of stuffed animals. The Grumpy Octopus. It’s adorable and doesn’t eat all that much.

I found just the thing for that hard-to-buy-for lover of stuffed animals. The Grumpy Octopus. It’s adorable and doesn’t eat all that much.

I didn’t see a single Snowy Owl near my abode last winter. Perhaps this coldest season will be just the ticket.

I didn’t see a single Snowy Owl near my abode last winter. Perhaps this coldest season will be just the ticket.

A River Otter gets ready for a dental appointment.

A River Otter gets ready for a dental appointment.

The Ovenbird makes a nest that resembles a Dutch oven and sings, “Teacher, teacher, teacher.”

The Ovenbird makes a nest that resembles a Dutch oven and sings, “Teacher, teacher, teacher.”

It’s not often seen in GQ magazine.

This handsome bird is a Turkey Vulture.  It’s not often seen in GQ magazine.

This handsome bird is a Turkey Vulture. It’s not often seen in GQ magazine.

Cliff Swallow nests under a bridge. Cliff Swallows are the famous swallows that returned to Capistrano.

Cliff Swallow nests under a bridge. Cliff Swallows are the famous swallows that returned to Capistrano.

I expect the next time I fill the tank of my car, it will be with pumpkin spice unleaded gasoline.

I expect the next time I fill the tank of my car, it will be with pumpkin spice unleaded gasoline.

A Brown Thrasher hears the theme from “Jaws.”

A Brown Thrasher hears the theme from “Jaws.”

I don’t know what year this Thunderbird is, but it’s a snazzy looking car.

I don’t know what year this Thunderbird is, but it’s a snazzy looking car.

Seen at Mantorville Square Antiques.

Seen at Mantorville Square Antiques.

At Oxbow Park outside Byron, Minnesota.

At Oxbow Park outside Byron, Minnesota.

One of my favorite wildflowers, the Bottle Gentian, with flowers that never actually open. The blooms are pollinated by bumblebees, which have the size and strength needed to pry them open.

One of my favorite wildflowers, the Bottle Gentian, with flowers that never actually open. The blooms are pollinated by bumblebees, which have the size and strength needed to pry them open.

Common Green Darner dragonflies migrate

Common Green Darner dragonflies migrate. American Kestrels travel the same migration route and feed upon their traveling companions, the Common Green Darner dragonflies.

Common Green Darner dragonflies migrate. American Kestrels travel the same migration route and feed upon their traveling companions, the Common Green Darner dragonflies.

I looked for titmice but was more than happy to see a single Tufted Titmouse.

I looked for titmice but was more than happy to see a single Tufted Titmouse.

I love the big-eyed look of a Tufted Titmouse.Thank

I love the big-eyed look of a Tufted Titmouse.Thank

Some things are the cat’s meow. A Gray Catbird is one of those things.

Some things are the cat’s meow. A Gray Catbird is one of those things.

A birder is cooking whenever he sees an Ovenbird.

A birder is cooking whenever he sees an Ovenbird.

Almanac predictions for winter

Almanac predictions for winter

Naturally
I picked tomatoes while being thankful I’m not a member of the Flat Tomato Society. Being outdoors focuses my attention. Especially when deer flies are around. It’s all a sinister plot of the insects to survive.
The Farmer’s Almanac (published in Maine since 1818) predicts a “Numb’s the word, just shovels along” winter for us. The Old Farmer’s Almanac (published in New Hampshire since 1792) says our winter will be more wet than white.
A goldenrod patch is a world-class insect zoo. Bees, butterflies, soldier beetles, wasps, ambush bugs, crab spiders, etc. Remember, allergies are caused by ragweed, not goldenrod. Goldenrod is insect-pollinated, ragweed is wind-pollinated. I marveled at the beauty of a black and yellow Argiope. The writing spider had sentry duty on a web she’d built nearby. As I watched the spider hogtie prey, I thought she would have been good with a yo-yo. The colorful orb weaver makes a dandy photographic subject.
Chimney swifts are flying cigars. It has been estimated they fly 500 miles per day. They and common nighthawks vacuum insects from the air.
I miss the sounds of the Baltimore orioles. They are still around but are quiet. Arthur Cleveland Bent wrote of them, “We hear the softest, sweetest voice of all our birds—‘the herald of spring,’ Alexander Wilson calls him.”
The eastern chipmunk is maybe 10 inches long including its tail, yet it can put 31 kernels of corn, 7 acorns or 70 sunflower seeds in its cheek pouches. It might store 1/2 bushel of seeds and nuts in its burrow.
I strolled past lily pads and heard the snapping sounds of sunfish feeding.
The mew gull, common along the Pacific coast, is now the short-billed gull.
Q&A
“Are pelican eyes red?” They are white in hatchlings, becoming hazel to bluish-gray in adult American white pelicans. The bare skin around the eye is an orange-yellow color.
“Are goldenrod soldier beetles good guys?” This beetle is numerous in my goldenrod patch. It’s distinctive with its burnt orange color and two dark stripes on its lower wing covers. It’s a pollinator that feeds on nectar and pollen. It enjoys the occasional aphid. Its larvae feed on yummy things such as aphids, caterpillars and grasshopper eggs. It’s a beneficial insect.
“What is blue-green algae?” It’s not algae, but cyanobacteria. This type of bacteria looks like pea soup and thrives in warm, shallow, nutrient-rich lakes. Reducing the amount of nutrients getting into the lake by limiting the amount of phosphorus and nitrogen from lawn fertilizer, and runoff from cities, cultivated fields and feedlots.
“Are there more Cooper’s hawks than 50 years ago? If so, why?” The few days before writing this, I’d seen several Coop’s hunting house sparrows from roadsides and being mobbed by angry red-winged blackbirds. The hawk's positive population trends are a turnaround from the mid-twentieth century when the use of the pesticide DDT and widespread shooting had reduced populations.
Ken Nelson of Clarks Grove asked if barn swallows reuse nests. The presence of old nests appears to indicate territory quality and suitable nests from previous years are sometimes occupied. Birds avoid heavily parasitized nests. Many pairs switch nests between first and second broods. Those using old nests for their first broods are more likely to switch. Changing nests between first and second broods improves fledging success of second broods. Donna Hagerty of Waseca told me she had watched two broods fledge from the same barn swallow nest at her place this year.
"What do sandhill cranes eat?" I watched the cranes along the Platte River in March turn over dried cowpies to find edibles. They eat almost anything. While stopped in Nebraska on their migration, about 90% of their diet is made up of waste corn in the fields. The cranes are omnivorous with a diet heavy in seeds and cultivated grains, but the menu includes berries, tubers, small vertebrates and invertebrates. Insects, snails, reptiles, amphibians, nestling birds and small mammals are fair game. They aren't much interested in fish, but there are reports of them eating some. Sandhill cranes are doing well, but cranes are among the most endangered families of birds in the world, with 11 of the 15 species threatened with extinction. All 15 species can be seen alive and well at the International Crane Foundation in Baraboo, Wisconsin. It’s an incredible place to visit.
Thanks for stopping by
"The constant happiness is curiosity."—Alice Munro
"One hardly knows what quality to admire most in the Barn Swallow. All the dear associations of life at the old farm come thronging up at sight of him. You think of him somehow as part of the sacred past; yet here he is today as young and as fresh as ever, bubbling over with springtime laughter."—William L. Dawson
Do good.

©Al Batt 2021

An eastern chipmunk describes the tomato that got away. Photo by Al Batt

An eastern chipmunk describes the tomato that got away. Photo by Al Batt

This Blue Jay went bald during a molt, but is getting its head feathers back. We have all breathed a sigh of relief.

This Blue Jay went bald during a molt, but is getting its head feathers back. We have all breathed a sigh of relief.

This Blue Jay went bald during a molt, but is getting its head feathers back. We have all breathed a sigh of relief.

This Blue Jay went bald during a molt, but is getting its head feathers back. We have all breathed a sigh of relief.

A warbler gets ready to leave the leaf.

A warbler gets ready to leave the leaf.

The Jack-in-the-pulpit has the Christmas spirit already.

The Jack-in-the-pulpit has the Christmas spirit already.

No mere stick can hide the beauty of a Baltimore Oriole.

No mere stick can hide the beauty of a Baltimore Oriole.

Katydid, Katy didn’t. That’s according to the song from 1941.

Katydid, Katy didn’t. That’s according to the song from 1941.

The rain gauge couldn’t handle all the precipitation, so I recruited a wheelbarrow as a backup. It’s nearly full.

The rain gauge couldn’t handle all the precipitation, so I recruited a wheelbarrow as a backup. It’s nearly full.

The rain gauge couldn’t handle all the precipitation, so I recruited a wheelbarrow as a backup. It’s nearly full.

One of the leaves was flying.Ruby-throated Hummingbird.

One of the leaves was flying.

Ruby-throated Hummingbird.

A friend made a wind-spinner chickadee for me. I’m enjoying its company.

A friend made a wind-spinner chickadee for me. I’m enjoying its company.

A hummingbird’s diary. A short book tells its life story with wonderful illustrations.

A hummingbird’s diary. A short book tells its life story with wonderful illustrations.

I had the whole wasp in my hand. It was a friendly meeting. Please don’t try this at home. I’m a trained idiot.

I had the whole wasp in my hand. It was a friendly meeting. Please don’t try this at home. I’m a trained idiot.

At the visitation for Earl Parriott.

At the visitation for Earl Parriott.

A Differential Grasshopper. It’s looking to make a difference.

A Differential Grasshopper. It’s looking to make a difference.

Looking back, my neck hurts.

Looking back, my neck hurts.

Looking back, my neck hurts.

Yellow-crowned Night-heron seen at Brookside Park, Edgewater Park, Water’s Edge and Tranquility Lake (Lakeview Blvd. and Martin Road) in Albert Lea. The bird is plume perfect.

Yellow-crowned Night-heron seen at Brookside Park, Edgewater Park, Water’s Edge and Tranquility Lake (Lakeview Blvd. and Martin Road) in Albert Lea. The bird is plume perfect.

Naturally
 A gentleman from Gaylord told a wonderful story about his grandfather. His grandfather wore a coat much of the year. I understand that. My father-in-law put on an overcoat to eat ice cream in the summer. One spring, the teller of the story and his grandfather were doing hard work as the day warmed. The grandfather hung his coat on a fence post. When the job was finished, the two walked over to pick up the coat. They noticed a wren had placed a pile of sticks in one of the coat’s pockets. That meant the pocket had become a potential nest. The narrator reached to grab the coat for his elder. His grandfather said, “Leave it there. I can always find another coat.”
 The moths were reminders there are more insects than those who bite me. I walked under the light of a full moon and frightened a rabbit that had been making a meal of white (Dutch) clover. It caused me to think of Hank Williams. Dad enjoyed listening to all the Hanks—Thompson, Snow and Locklin, but Hank Williams was my father’s favorite singer. Father and I spent much time together in the dairy barn, where the old Philco radio (19 knobs and dials, only two of which made any difference—on/off/volume and station select) was tuned to either baseball or country music. Hank Williams sang, “I rode my horse to town today and a gas pump we did pass. I pulled him up and I hollered whoa, said fill him up with gas. The man picked up a monkey wrench and wham, he changed my tune. You got me chasing rabbits, spitting out teeth and howling at the moon.” I howled meekly at the moon as the rabbit pretended to listen.
 I wanted to ask the rabbit if it had ever seen an American dipper, but of course, it hadn’t. The dipper is one of my favorites. Whenever I go to places where they might be, I look diligently for them. This chunky bird is North America's aquatic songbird. It catches its food underwater in flowing streams by swimming and walking on the stream bottom. John Muir wrote, "His music is that of the streams refined and spiritualized. The deep booming notes of the falls are in it, the trills of rapids, the gurgling of margin eddies, the low whispering of level reaches, and the sweet tinkle of separate drops oozing from the end of mosses and falling into tranquil pools." Has one ever been seen in Minnesota? Yes. According to the Minnesota Ornithologists’ Union, one was spotted in Cook County in 1970, 1971 and 1973, and in Lake County in 1970. Once called the water ouzel, the bird favors fast-flowing, rocky streams with clear, cold water. American dippers are year-round residents of the western United States, Canada, Alaska, Mexico and Central America. 
Q&A
 Mark and Joan Anderson of Albert Lea saw a downy woodpecker on mullein. They wondered what it was eating. Common mullein is native to Europe, northern Africa and Asia, and was introduced to North America as a medicinal herb. In the 1700s, it was used in Virginia as a piscicide (fish poison). It spread rapidly and reached the Midwest by 1839 where it’s found in neglected meadows, pasture lands, along fence rows, roadsides, vacant lots, wood edges, forest openings and industrial areas. In its second year, the biennial plants produce flower stalks 5-10 feet tall with small yellow flowers grouped on the leafy spike and maturing from the bottom to the top. The flowers attract a wide variety of insects and each plant produces 100,000‑240,000 seeds. The downy woodpecker eats mainly insects at this time of the year and has learned to harvest insect larvae and pupae. In the fall, goldfinches, indigo buntings and downy woodpeckers eat the seeds. 
 “When do purple martins leave Minnesota?” They’re gone by early October. The best time to see purple martins at nest sites is May through late July. Roost sites are used from late July through early September. After the young are fledged, martins move to where they can gather at traditional pre-migratory roosts at night. They’re highly social during the non-breeding season and the roosts might contain thousands of birds. Purple martins winter in South America. 
Thanks for stopping by
 “When you rise in the morning, give thanks for the light, for your life, for your strength. Give thanks for your food and for the joy of living. If you see no reason to give thanks, the fault lies in yourself.”—Tecumseh
 “I saw a star slide down the sky, blinding the north as it went by. Too burning and too quick to hold, too lovely to be bought or sold. Good only to make wishes on and then forever to be gone.”—Sara Teasdale
 Do good.

©Al Batt 2021

Purple martins. Photo by Al Batt

Purple martins. Photo by Al Batt

The speculum, a patch of iridescent color on the secondary wing feathers of a mallard, is eye-catching.

The speculum, a patch of iridescent color on the secondary wing feathers of a mallard, is eye-catching.

Young American White Pelicans are duskier than the adults

Young American White Pelicans are duskier than the adults.

Young American White Pelicans are duskier than the adults.

“A wonderful bird is the Pelican. His beak can hold more than his belly can. He can hold in his beak Enough food for a week! But I'll be darned if I know how the hellican?” ―Dixon Lanier Merritt

“A wonderful bird is the Pelican.
His beak can hold more than his belly can.
He can hold in his beak
Enough food for a week!
But I'll be darned if I know how the hellican?”


Dixon Lanier Merritt

Gene Wangen plowing with horses.

Gene Wangen plowing with horses.

The Chinese mystery snail grazes on lake bottoms and is named because females give birth to young, fully developed snails. The species is imported and commonly sold by the aquarium trade, sometimes leading to the illegal release into the wild.

The Chinese mystery snail grazes on lake bottoms and is named because females give birth to young, fully developed snails. The species is imported and commonly sold by the aquarium trade, sometimes leading to the illegal release into the wild.

A turkey halted a funeral procession

Naturally

A choir of crickets serenaded me. I don’t see jackrabbits here anymore, so I’ve named one of the yard’s cottontails Jack Bunny.
I didn’t see a bald eagle until I was 14. I told that to a boy who replied, “I’ve seen 14 bald eagles and I’m only 7 years old.”
I asked a UPS driver about deer. He said that in the 22 routes he’s aware of, he knows of no brown truck that has collided with a deer. This is likely due to cautious drivers and the crepuscular habits of deer, which feed mainly from before dawn until several hours later, and again from late afternoon until dusk.
Ken Bertelson of Albert Lea told of a funeral procession where the hearse had to come to a complete stop because of a stubborn wild turkey.
Judy Hellie of Clarks Grove found a katydid. Her 4-year-old grandson suggested feeding it grass. Judy looked it up and found katydids eat grass and leaves. Her grandson said, “Finally, I’m right.”
I worked at a county fair. I watched a little boy chase a baby killdeer. The tiny bird easily outran its pursuer and I felt no need to chastise the boy as I was one once. The poor mother killdeer had a cow. The baby ran off into the classic tractor area as the mother headed in the opposite direction while feigning injury, hoping to draw the perceived predator away. I spent 10 minutes watching the mother as she called incessantly, running between food stands and a stand selling animated face masks. She finally found the tractors and her baby. I cheered, which made passersby smile
Q&A
Gunnar Berg of Albert Lea asked where flycatchers drink. They do so at the Flycatcher Bar on Main Street. It’s a fly-ridden dive. I saw a Say’s phoebe in North Dakota. The Say's phoebe breeds farther north than any other flycatcher with a breeding range from central Mexico to the arctic tundra. Charles Bonaparte, a nephew of Napoleon, named the Say’s phoebe after American naturalist Thomas Say, the first scientist to encounter the bird, at a site in Colorado, in 1819. This flycatcher typically doesn’t drink, even if water is available. Flycatchers get their moisture from an insectivorous diet. One will occasionally have a nip at the Flycatcher Bar.
Vicki Lauruhn of Mankato asked why house finches are nibbling on her flowers. Birds eat buds and flowers because they are nutritious. Some experts claim flowers have more food value than buds.
Ken Nelson of Clarks Grove wondered how long bald eagles live. The oldest known bald eagle in the wild was at least 38 years old when a car hit and killed it in New York in 2015. It had been banded in 1977.
Leo Skorin of Albert Lea saw three sandhill cranes and asked about their migration. Sandhill cranes mate for life. Juveniles remain near their parents for 9 or 10 months after hatching. Those three could have been parents and a colt. During migration, the family units group together with other cranes, forming loose roosting and feeding flocks that can reach into the many thousands. The DNR says the cranes in northwest Minnesota belong to the mid-continent population while those in central and east-central (and likely those seen by Leo) Minnesota belong to the eastern population. Eastern population cranes breeding in Minnesota winter in north and central Florida, and mid-continent cranes from northwest Minnesota winter along the Gulf Coast of Texas. The migration lasts from early September through mid-November with the primary spot to observe greater sandhill cranes in Minnesota is Sherburne National Wildlife Refuge near Zimmerman. Crane numbers there peak between late October and early November. Wintering sandhill cranes can be seen in Texas, California, Arizona, New Mexico and Mexico.
John Holt of Albert Lea asked where night-herons nest. Near water, from on the ground to 150 feet high in trees, shrubs and other vegetation. While not a night-heron, the more common green heron nests in shrubs or trees 5-30 feet high typically close to water.
Donna and Duane Swenson of Waseca watched a great horned owl stare at mallards in a pond. This owl begins nesting in January or February, laying their eggs in abandoned nests of squirrels, hawks or crows but sometimes nest on cliff ledges or in hollow trees. Females lay one to five eggs, which hatch in 30 to 37 days. The young owls leave the nest in six to nine weeks.
Paul Hensche of Alden asked how long house sparrows live. I’d say 2-5 years in the wild.
Thanks for stopping by
“The old Lakota was wise. He knew that man's heart away from nature becomes hard; he knew that lack of respect for growing, living things soon led to lack of respect for humans, too.”―Luther Standing Bear
“The meaning of life is to give life meaning.”―Viktor E. Frankl
Do good.

©Al Batt 2021

A killdeer calls its name. Photo by Al Batt

A killdeer calls its name. Photo by Al Batt

The bedazzling gorgeous Scarlet Tanager is Red with a capital R.

The bedazzling gorgeous Scarlet Tanager is Red with a capital R.

A young Red-headed Woodpecker.

A young Red-headed Woodpecker.

An Eastern Chipmunk is maybe 10 inches long including its tail, yet it can put 31 kernels of corn, 7 acorns or 70 sunflower seeds in its cheek pouches. It might store 1/2 bushel of seeds and nuts in its burrow.

An Eastern Chipmunk is maybe 10 inches long including its tail, yet it can put 31 kernels of corn, 7 acorns or 70 sunflower seeds in its cheek pouches. It might store 1/2 bushel of seeds and nuts in its burrow.

I am so happy this Baltimore Oriole is still keeping me company

I am so happy this Baltimore Oriole is still keeping me company. Their presence is fleeting.

I am so happy this Baltimore Oriole is still keeping me company. Their presence is fleeting.

I love the light blue color around the Mourning Dove’s eye. I can’t be more specific on the color as there were only 16 crayons in the box I took to school and that was during my senior year.

I love the light blue color around the Mourning Dove’s eye. I can’t be more specific on the color as there were only 16 crayons in the box I took to school and that was during my senior year.

A Cicada Killer Wasp looking for a cicada to, well, you know what.

A Cicada Killer Wasp looking for a cicada to, well, you know what.

When the Monarch Butterfly caterpillar gets ready to pupate it hangs head-down in a “J” shape.

When the Monarch Butterfly caterpillar gets ready to pupate it hangs head-down in a “J” shape.

An Eastern Tiger Swallowtail, the tiger of my Ornamental Onions (Allium).

An Eastern Tiger Swallowtail, the tiger of my Ornamental Onions (Allium).

She’s no Charlotte, but I love seeing an Argiope.

She’s no Charlotte, but I love seeing an Argiope.

The life of a Monarch Butterfly caterpillar doesn’t involve any calorie counting.

The life of a Monarch Butterfly caterpillar doesn’t involve any calorie counting.

Al Batt on the radio (KTOE)

An appetite bigger than itself

An appetite bigger than itself. A monarch butterfly caterpillar.

An appetite bigger than itself. A monarch butterfly caterpillar.

A House Wren goes from this to

A House Wren goes from this to

This in a flash.

This in a flash.

A Black and Yellow Argiope. Every garden ought to have one.

A Black and Yellow Argiope. Every garden ought to have one.

The Viceroy Butterfly has a black line drawn across its hind wings. Monarch Butterflies lack this.

The Viceroy Butterfly has a black line drawn across its hind wings. Monarch Butterflies lack this.

“I am the flower that loves the bumblebee.”—Meghan Marie

A male House Finch on such a summer’s day.

A male House Finch on such a summer’s day.

This Cedar Waxwing was surprised to see me

This Cedar Waxwing was surprised to see me.

This Cedar Waxwing was surprised to see me.

This young Cedar Waxwing has been eating enough honeysuckle berries to provide the bird with an orange tail tip.

This young Cedar Waxwing has been eating enough honeysuckle berries to provide the bird with an orange tail tip.

Cedar Waxwing with orange instead of yellow tail tip.

Cedar Waxwing with orange instead of yellow tail tip.

A Japanese Beetle works during its lunch hour.

A Japanese Beetle works during its lunch hour.

Naturally
I said hello to an HOLA. HOLA is the alpha code for bird banding identifying a horned lark. An Australian study found there are about six wild birds for every human on the planet. I hope that number is low. Chickens outnumber humans by almost 3-to-1.
After working at fairs, I’ve been driving nights from here and there and my windshield found enough insects that it looks like a supermarket for flycatchers.
Stable flies look like houseflies, but they bite. They are ankle biters that make victims want to exact revenge.
I watched an opossum meander. What’s a nervous tick? It’s one that sees an opossum headed its way. How many ticks do they eat? Who knows, but Rick Ostfeld, Senior Scientist, Cary Institute of Ecosystem Studies said, “Opossums are extraordinarily good groomers it turns out – we never would have thought that ahead of time – but they kill the vast majority – more than 95% percent of the ticks that try to feed on them. So these opossums are walking around the forest floor, hoovering up ticks right and left, killing over 90% of these things, and so they are really protecting our health.”
I watched circling turkey vultures. Their populations increase where sugar cane grows because vultures feed on animals killed by the annual burning. Numbers increased in the 19th century with bison slaughters and livestock epidemics. Increased availability of road-killed animals caused by escalated vehicular use of roads may contribute to range expansion. The vultures may follow the pavement to Minnesota.
Q&A
“Why is a group of crows called a murder?” The Egerton Manuscript and The Book of St. Albans, both dating from the mid-1400s, list collective nouns terms still in use today such as a charm of goldfinches, a pride of lions and a murder of crows. Crows are scavengers and feed on carrion. Folklore says crows form tribunals to judge and punish the bad behavior of another. If the crow was found guilty, the bird was murdered by the flock. No doubt a crow has killed another crow, but no trial was involved.
Kathy Paulsen of Geneva wrote, “We think squirrels in our part of town have been nibbling or chewing off the base of the small groups of leaves from our maple trees. Do you think that it would be the squirrels?” Squirrels eat maple seeds. They build dreys (nests) in summer and early fall from chewed-off branches bearing green leaves they weave together. They might find sustenance in the twigs or chew to maintain their teeth. The trees should be able to withstand the pruning.
Bruce Haugsdal of Albert Lea asked if hummingbirds nest in that fair city. Ruby-throated hummingbirds are statewide residents and could be found breeding in all regions. They’re most abundant in northern Minnesota, gradually becoming less common in the south, southwest and south-central regions. Breeding surveys have shown the hummingbird is common throughout the eastern half of Minnesota, with its distribution lessening as you head westward.
Eric Steinmetz of Mankato asked if the seedpods of catalpa trees were edible. The tree is famous for its dense clusters of white flowers and long seedpods, which resemble beans or grotesque cigars. Despite the common name of "bean tree," the catalpa has no known edible uses. Catalpa roots are poisonous.
Lou Jean Ingham of Hayward asked if she could feed wild rice to the birds. Rice is perfectly safe for birds to eat. I’m not sure how much they will enjoy it.
“Are butterflies good pollinators?” I’ve been enjoying fireflies each evening. They are a light show and are pollinators. Butterflies are pollinators but have limited contact with pollen. They aren’t as effective at it as bees, beetles and flies.
“How long can I leave my hummingbird feeder out before changing the water?” The National Audubon Society says, “In hot weather, the feeder should be emptied and cleaned twice per week. In cooler weather, once per week is enough.” Perky-Pet says, “During hot weather, change it every two days. In milder weather, once a week is fine.” Smithsonian says, “Change feeders every other day and thoroughly clean them each time to prevent harmful mold growth.” And the Cornell Lab of Ornithology says, “Change sugar water every 3–5 days to prevent mold and deadly fermentation, and more frequently when it’s over 90 degrees outside. Clean feeders at least once a week with hot water and a bottle brush. Don’t use soap or a detergent.“
Thanks for stopping by
“One mornin' when I was ridin' in my old pickup truck. A beautiful bluebird
came flyin' down. My eyes caught the color as it led me down the road.”—Neil Young
“To succeed in life, you need three things: a wishbone, a backbone and a funny bone.” Often attributed to songwriter Reba McEntire, it was first said by Dr. Kavanagh during his talk on “Moral Anatomy” in 1908.

©Al Batt 2021

This ruby-throated hummingbird enjoyed the juice of grape jelly. Photo by Al Batt

At the Freeborn County Fair

A bullmastiff weighing in at 200 pounds. I didn’t know his name, so I called him Sir.

A bullmastiff weighing in at 200 pounds. I didn’t know his name, so I called him Sir.

Seeing a gray treefrog makes me hug the day.

Seeing a gray treefrog makes me hug the day.

A gray treefrog has some size. It’s all small.

A gray treefrog has some size. It’s all small.

Pelicans and cormorants.

Pelicans and cormorants.

I find the company of pelicans pleasing.

I find the company of pelicans pleasing.

A birdwing at Reiman Gardens in Ames, Iowa

A birdwing at Reiman Gardens in Ames, Iowa.

A birdwing at Reiman Gardens in Ames, Iowa.

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An Owl Butterfly at Reiman Gardens in Ames, Iowa.  It looks like an owl’s eye on its wing.

An Owl Butterfly at Reiman Gardens in Ames, Iowa. It looks like an owl’s eye on its wing.

Crimson-Patched Longwing at Reiman Gardens, Iowa.

Crimson-Patched Longwing at Reiman Gardens, Iowa.

I learned a lot from this education bird, an American Kestrel, in Michigan.

I learned a lot from this education bird, an American Kestrel, in Michigan.

A Red-tailed Hawk teaching a bird appreciation class in Michigan.

A Red-tailed Hawk teaching a bird appreciation class in Michigan.

The people were so nice, I wish I had been pointing at something.

The people were so nice, I wish I had been pointing at something.

A Great Ichneumon Wasp is 1 1/2-inch long, not including its long ovipositor

A Great Ichneumon Wasp is 1 1/2-inch long, not including its long ovipositor.

A Great Ichneumon Wasp is 1 1/2-inch long, not including its long ovipositor.

The Mourning Dove was more often called a Turtle Dove when I was a lad.

The Mourning Dove was more often called a Turtle Dove when I was a lad.

A Red Squirrel watches a movie.

A Red Squirrel watches a movie.

This Killdeer attempted to distract me from its nest. It worked.

This Killdeer attempted to distract me from its nest. It worked.

A Monarch Butterfly Caterpillar. A hope for the future.

A Monarch Butterfly Caterpillar. A hope for the future.

If you’re going to be a caterpillar, bring your appetite.

If you’re going to be a caterpillar, bring your appetite.

The rabbit on the moon

The rabbit on the moon.

The rabbit on the moon.

The rabbit on the moon.  The moon is made of green cheese.

The rabbit on the moon. The moon is made of green cheese.

A Red Milkweed Beetle eating a green Common Milkweed.

A Red Milkweed Beetle eating a green Common Milkweed.

A Great Crested Flycatcher with a perm.

A Great Crested Flycatcher with a perm.

The Mallard duckling looks just like its mother did at that age.

The Mallard duckling looks just like its mother did at that age.

A Ruby-throated Hummingbird and a couple of flies enjoy some grape jelly.

A Ruby-throated Hummingbird and a couple of flies enjoy some grape jelly.


Dumbledore is a British dialect word for “bumblebee” or “bumble bee”

Dumbledore is a British dialect word for “bumblebee” or “bumble bee.”

Dumbledore is a British dialect word for “bumblebee” or “bumble bee.”

Flower of an hour is also known as bladder hibiscus, shoofly and modesty.

Flower of an hour is also known as bladder hibiscus, shoofly and modesty.

Every Dog Day Cicada has its day. This cicada’s day is nearly over. We don’t have 13-year or 17-year Periodical Cicadas in Minnesota.

Every Dog Day Cicada has its day. This cicada’s day is nearly over. We don’t have 13-year or 17-year Periodical Cicadas in Minnesota.

A fuzzy photo of a young Killdeer out for a stroll.

A fuzzy photo of a young Killdeer out for a stroll.

The Holy Modal Rounders sang, “If you want to be a bird, why don't you try a little flying?” My neighbor flies a paramoter.

The Holy Modal Rounders sang, “If you want to be a bird, why don't you try a little flying?” My neighbor flies a paramoter.

What do you do when you find a watermelon? If you’re a chipmunk, you climb in and have a bite to eat.

What do you do when you find a watermelon? If you’re a chipmunk, you climb in and have a bite to eat.

Cabbageheads and duck snorts

Cabbageheads and duck snorts

Naturally
I fought the lawn and the lawn won. I retreated indoors, plopped down in a chair and listened to a caller tell me of a wild turkey terrorizing a walk-in basement window this spring. An American goldfinch is currently battling with my office window. The goldfinch fights politely, to my estimation. A chipping sparrow had a brief tussle with the glass earlier. There were no skirmishes featuring cardinals or robins this year. A great crested flycatcher was the year’s marathon brawler. It fought various windows of the house for several weeks. I worried it was ignoring important bird duties. It didn’t reach terminal velocity while striving for world domination, but the flycatcher walloped its reflection. Its attacks have ground to a halt.
Wipe that smile onto your face
As a tour leader, I took many group photos. There are the magic words, words with weight, used to make one smile. I’d say prunes, say cheese, smile, smile you’re on Candid Camera, whiskey, lottery winners, cabbageheads and duck snort. A duck snort is a softly hit ball that goes over the infield and lands in the outfield for a hit. Chicago White Sox announcer Ken “Hawk” Harrelson popularized the term.
Red admiral butterflies kept me company as the tree swallows fledged. I needed to walk past their nest box a few times each day. Each time, the male buzzed my tower. As the nestlings neared the point of fledging, he hunted me down in the yard to fly at me. He seemed happy to be unhappy to see me. The youngsters fledged in the morning. Took to air like experts and headed to a lake.
I saw a great-tailed grackle in Minnesota. The bird is a prolific producer of clacks, clatters, wheezes and trills. The male is nearly 1.5 feet long with a long tail shaped like a boat’s keel and the female is about 3/4 that size. There were 500,000 birds in one roost in south Texas. The population increase is due to urbanization, industrial agriculture and widespread irrigation.
Research reveals
Research shows that zebras have stripes not for camouflage, cooling or individual recognition, but to confuse biting flies.
Research by Marie Perkins, an ecologist at the University of Wisconsin-Stevens Point, studied seven songbird species for mercury levels. Six species showed increasing levels and all six have declining populations (rusty blackbird, palm warbler, wood thrush, olive-sided flycatcher, saltmarsh sparrow and northern waterthrush). The red-eyed vireo was the one species that didn’t exhibit increased mercury levels and its population is increasing.
Q&A
“How clean should I keep my hummingbird feeder?” Clean enough so that you’d be willing to drink the sugar water. A typical hummingbird lifespan is 3-5 years.
“There is a nesting hawk on my southern Minnesota property that tries to catch birds at my feeder. Is it a sharp-shinned or Cooper’s hawk?” Cooper’s hawk as per breeding bird surveys. Sharpies nest in dense stands of mature coniferous and mixed deciduous-coniferous forests with well-developed canopies.
“What was a barn swallow called before it became the barn swallow?” The Oxford English Dictionary dates the English common name "barn swallow" to 1851 though there is an earlier instance in an English-language context in Gilbert White's book “The Natural History of Selborne,” originally published in 1789: “The swallow, though called the chimney-swallow, by no means builds altogether in chimnies, but often within barns and out-houses against the rafters.” Where did barn swallows nest before barns and chimneys? Probably in caves. Europeans refer to the barn swallow as the swallow. Thomas Jefferson called it the American swallow. I’ve heard people call it the country swallow. The barn swallow is the national bird of Austria and Estonia and in many cultures, a barn swallow nest on a barn is good luck. Legend says the barn swallow got its forked tail after it had stolen fire from the gods and given it to humans. Angry gods shot flaming arrows at the bird, one hitting the swallow’s tail, burning away its central tail feathers. Since then, the barn swallow has had a forked tail. Peter Kalm, a Swedish naturalist who visited this country in the 1700s, wrote that barn swallows nested both inside and on the outside of colonists' homes. The barn swallow is the most widespread of the swallows.
“Why are there so many monarch butterflies flying across the roads?” Roadsides are productive habitat for monarch reproduction, but the largest mortality is believed to occur during the fall migration.
“How many broods do chickadees have?” Black-capped chickadees have one. Second broods are rare in chickadees. Replacement broods, begun after losing a first brood, may have fewer eggs.
Thanks for stopping by
When the dew is on the grass, rain will never come to pass. When grass is dry at morning light, look for rain before the night.
“There are never enough 'I love you's.’”―Lenny Bruce
Do good.

©Al Batt 2021

Red admiral butterflies use members of the nettles family as host plants. Photo by Al Batt

Red admiral butterflies use members of the nettles family as host plants. Photo by Al Batt

A House Wren brings lunch.

A House Wren brings lunch.

The Killdeer. You have to love a bird that calls out its own name. Imagine if all birds did that.

The Killdeer. You have to love a bird that calls out its own name. Imagine if all birds did that.

A House Wren parent doing its sanitation duties.

A House Wren parent doing its sanitation duties.

The male Carolina Grasshopper commonly crepitates, producing a crackling series of snaps or clicks in flight. My knee does that when I fly out of a chair.

The male Carolina Grasshopper commonly crepitates, producing a crackling series of snaps or clicks in flight. My knee does that when I fly out of a chair.

The scientific name of the Dogbane Leaf Beetle is Chrysochus auratus, which means “made of gold.”

The scientific name of the Dogbane Leaf Beetle is Chrysochus auratus, which means “made of gold.”